Upconversion nanoparticles demonstrate unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a considerable concern. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of the toxicity linked with upconversion nanoparticles. It investigates various as

Zinc oxide is a compound renowned for its remarkable strength to safeguard delicate skin. This soothing element has long been used in a number of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its outstanding protective properties. Forming a physical barrier on the skin's surface, zinc oxide effectively absorbs harmful radiation